Encyclopedia of Russian Law

GENERAL.

Political system.
State structure.
Legislative process.
Sources of Russian law.

JOINT STOCK COMPANY.

Company's name
Charter capital. Shares.
Founding documents.
Management.
Reorganisation.
Disclosure requirements.
Takeovers regulation.

EMPLOYMENT.

Recruitment
Probationary period
Remuneration
Sick leave
Maternity leave
Dismissal
Loss-of-employment compensations
Employment related orders
Non-employment relationships

PENSIONS AND WELFARE.

Pensions
Welfare
Unemployment benefit
Aid in the event of the child's birth
Aid in the event of pregnancy
Aid in the event of temporary incapacity to work
Non-monetary benefits
Refugees

PERSONAL INCOME TAX.

Liability to tax.
Rate of tax.
Tax relief and allowances.
Double tax treaties.

FAMILY LAW.

Marriage.
Void (voidable) marriages.
Divorce.
Property in marriage.
Alimony.
Who is a parent?
Disputes over children.

FORMS OF DOING BUSINESS.

Branch.
Joint stock company.
Limited liability company.
Partnership.
Simple partnership.
State / municipal unitary enterprise.
Sole trader.

PARTNERSHIP.

Formation.
Name of a partnership.
Management.
Partnership.
Reorganisation.
Exit from partnership.
Disclosure.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY.

General.
Copyright and neighbouring rights.
Trademarks, service marks, and appellation of origin of goods.
Patents.
Infringement.

INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION.

Legal framework.
Arbitration agreement.
Procedure.
Recognition and enforcement.
The abuse of rights doctrine

DOMESTIC ARBITRATION.

Legal framework.
Arbitration agreement.
Tribunal.
Arbitral award.

CORPORATE INCOME TAX.

Liability to tax.
Levels of taxation.
Rate of tax.
Deductibility of expenditures.
Transfer pricing.
Thin capitalisation & interest.
Withholding tax.
Double tax treaties.

NATIONAL INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS.

Tax base.
Tax rate.

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY.

Formation of a limited liability company.
Company's name.
Limited liability company.
Founding documents.
Charter capital. Shares.
Management.
Reorganisation.
Disclosure requirements.

INSOLVENCY.

Insolvency criteria.
Initiating bankruptcy
Bankruptcy procedures.
Supervision.
Financial rehabilitation.
Administration.
Winding up.
Arrangement with creditors.

COMPETITION.

Unfair competition
Merger control
Restricting monopolies
Restrictive agreements

COURT SYSTEM.

Overview.
Constitutional Court.
Courts of general jurisdiction.
Arbitrazh.
Justices of the peace.
Military courts.
Class actions.

INDIRECT TAX.

VAT
Import & export duties
Excise

REGIONAL TAXES ON COMPANIES.

Overview.
Tax on assets.
Tax on gambling.

SIMPLIFIED TAXATION FOR SMALL BUSINESS PERSONS.

Overview.

CURRENCY REGULATION.

Overview.